| When Jackie Chan released Project A (‘A’ gai wak) in late 1983, there had never been a film quite like it in Hong Kong cinema. Sure, there had been Hong Kong pirate movies such as Chang Cheh’s The Water Margin (Shui hu zhuan, 1972) and The Pirate (Da hai dao, 1973). And there had certainly been comedic martial arts movies, a form that Chan had been honing since his starring roles in Snake in the Eagle’s Shadow (Se ying diu sau, 1978), Drunken Master (Jui kuen, 1978), and his early directorial efforts The Fearless Hyena (Xiao quan guai zhao, 1979) and The Young Master (Shi di chu ma, 1980). These kung-fu comedies were particularly notable for the way they broke from the stoic, serious Bruce Lee mold by emphasizing comedy as well as the kinetic dynamism of martial arts married with acrobatics. However, pirates and kung-fu comedy had never been merged, at least not in the way that Chan did as writer, director, and star of Project A, and the result was a new surge of popularity for the star that helped to cement his international status and fully define what a true “Jackie Chan movie” looked like. Unlike virtually all martial arts films at the time, Project A was not set during the 17th and 18th centuries (the high point of the Qing dynasty), but rather in the late 19th century against the backdrop of British colonialism in Hong Kong. This required a great deal of period set dressing and costuming, which up until that time had not been done much in Hong Kong cinema. However, Chan, being the perfectionist that he was, insisted on a broadly realistic depiction of the Chinese coast in the 1880s within which he could set his comedic tale of Hong Kong police, both marine and mainland, fighting against a band of notorious pirates. The first third of Project A feels not unlike a Hong Kong precursor to the Police Academy comedies, as we find Chan’s Sergeant Dragon Ma Yue Lung, a young member of the Marine Police, undercutting and mocking the absurdities of conceited authority figures and leading a rivalry with the Royal Hong Kong Police Force, which culminates in a massive bar brawl that sets the tone for the film’s mixture of slapstick comedy and martial-arts prowess (it has more comical inventiveness in five minutes than most films have in their entire run-time). Dragon and the rest of the Marine Police end up under the authority and training regimen of Hong Tin-tsu (Yuen Biao), the pampered nephew of the stern Police Captain Chi (Kwan Hoi-san). Dragon spends much of the film in an uneasy partnership with Fei (Sammo Kam-Bo Hung), a thief and con artist who nevertheless proves essential in helping him fight against the hulking, tattooed pirate lord Lo Sam-Pao (Dick Wei), who wants to buy stolen police rifles from a pair of gangsters to use in marauding the high seas. The plot, credited to Chan and regular collaborator Edward Tang, does a fine job stringing together the various action/comedy setpieces, and in this regard Project A is one of Chan’s greatest successes. It was certainly the film that truly elevated his reputation for comical/jaw-dropping performative excess (and I mean that in the best way). We see him swinging from chandeliers, climbing to the top of a flagpole, engaging in a lengthy bicycle chase through narrow alleys, and, in the film’s delirious high point (literally), hanging from the hands of a clock tower Harold Lloyd-style. However, unlike the famed silent film comedian, who merely created the illusion of being in danger in Safety Last! (1923), Chan actually hangs and falls from the three-story height, tearing through two cloth awnings before crashing painfully to the ground. Chan actually performed this stunt three times, and we see all three of them in slow motion. But, Chan isn’t always the center of the action, as he is actually quite generous in flooding the film with big moments for his co-stars, especially Sammo Hung, whose awkward girth belies immense martial arts skills and speed. At the time of Project A’s release, Chan was already a well-known figure in Asian cinema; his popularity was high enough that he had his own fan club with a monthly newsletter (he was actually more popular at the time in Japan than in China). After spending much of his childhood learning acrobatics, martial arts, dance, and music at the legendary China Drama Academy, a Peking Opera school (where Hung also studied), he landed bit roles in martial arts films throughout the 1970s. He broke out as a major star at the end of the decade, which caused him to abandon his contract with director Lo Wei and move to the more lucrative Golden Harvest, which produced some of his biggest hits, all of which were inspired to some degree by wu-chou, the Peking opera roles that demanded a complex mixture of stage fighting, comic acting, and acrobatics. He dabbled in international cinema with the U.S./Hong Kong coproductions The Big Brawl (1980), in which he had the starring role, and The Cannonball Run (1981), in which he was a side character, but he didn’t find a great deal of success (although director Hal Needham’s use of outtakes during the closing credits for The Cannonball Run inspired him to do the same in his subsequent films). Thus, there was a lot riding on Project A, especially when it went overbudget and over-schedule. Had it bombed or even been a minor disappointment, it would have been a different world for Chan. Instead, it was a massive success, enabling him to follow his comedic-martial-arts muse into a new decade that saw him produce hit after hit in Southeast Asia while continuing to make inroads in the American market, thus allowing him to become one of the first major crossover Asian stars. Thus, while it may seem to the untrained eye that Project A is just a particularly good Jackie Chan vehicle, it is actually the film that solidified his career and opened up his future.
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